Overview
The following five lessons present information about pre-European contact and lifestyles of western Oregon Indians; tell students about the European contact era and how trade and resources were affected; contain information about the treaty and reservation era with lessons focusing on writing, research and computer skills; use stories to illustrate techniques of oral and written literature; and encourage research using technology and library skills to learn about Oregon tribes.
These lessons include activities to enhance literature, writing, speaking and listening, and reading standards.
Lesson 1: Before the Coming of the Europeans
Lesson 2: Contact with a New Culture
Lesson 3: The Treaties and the Reservation Experience
Lesson 4: Stories as a Learning Tool
Lesson 5: Learning More about Western Oregon Indian Tribes
Extending the lesson/References
GUIDING QUESTIONS
Why are historic journals and photos important to learning about the history of Oregon Indians?
What information can be incorporated into social studies sessions?
What information is new (and amazing) about Oregon Indians?
Why is research important instead of using information that is available?
PREPARING TO TEACH THIS LESSON
Much of the background information for the lessons can be found on the Wisdom of the Elders Radio program, Series 3, Program 7, Grand Ronde.
The “references” section of this lesson contains web site addresses for downloading a variety of information. Download the historical feature of each of the tribes referenced.
Have available materials for each student to make a journal. Each should be supplied with a heavy paper for the cover and sufficient paper for a minimum of 10 pages. Punch holes in the edge of the papers and use twine to tie the pages together.
Have available several sheets of large poster-size paper for Lesson 1.
Become familiar with the selection of words in each lesson from a variety of Oregon tribes.
Invite a member of the Grand Ronde tribal community to speak to the class about the history and present day activities of the tribe. Contact information can be found on the Grand Ronde website, HYPERLINK “http://www.grandronde.org/” http://www.grandronde.org/.
Copy the attached pictures. Use the guide to encourage students’ analytical thinking about the photos. Display the pictures in the classroom.
| BASED UPON WISDOM OF THE ELDERS RADIO: SERIES 3, PROGRAM 7
Lesson plan written by Esther Stutzman Historical Introduction: Read the transcript… Arlie Neskahi discusses the history of this Columbia River tribe and how tribes from the region and beyond all converged on the villages of the Wishram and the Wasco to trade, socialize and do ceremony. Elder Wisdom: Read the transcript… Brian Bull shares the story of Adeline Miller who was “born up in the mountains during huckleberry time.” Now a tribal elder, she reminds her children and grandchildren of their origins through song, dance, and laughter. Speaking Native: Read the transcript… Don Addison tell us that three native languages survive on this reservation today: Northern Paiute (also called Numu), Sahaptin (or Eecheeshkeen), and Wasco, known as Kiksht. Sacred Landscape: Read the transcript… Judy Bluehorse Skelton talks about berries, including huckleberries, blackberries and raspberries, which burst with nutrition, and what the tribe is doing to ensure there will be plenty to pick in the future. Tribal Rhythms: Read the transcript… Nico Wind introduces us to the music of the Warm Springs tribe presented by traditional singer, Carlos Calica, who is the keeper of the Art Mitchell drum. This drum belonged to his grandfather and is a drum Carlos sang on as a child. Health and Healing: Read the transcript… Rose High Bear introduces us to Faye Waheneka who warns us to stay away from unhealthy food, including fry bread. Raised by her grandparents, she believes in using healthy traditional foods, such as edible roots, berries, deer meat, grouse, and salmon to manage her diabetes. Artists Circle: Read the transcript… Bruce Crespin highlights the rediscovery of Wasco basketweaving by tribal artist, Pat Courtney Gold who is internationally recognized for the art of full-turn twining. She shares her travels across the country to visit museums with Wasco baskets in their collections and how she reconnected with a basket purchased by Lewis and Clark in 1805. Turtle Island Storytellers: Read the transcript… Darlene Foster shares first contact stories she learned from her mother, who learned them from her grandmother. “They always told stories about how my ancestors knew before the pioneers came that they would come in. They would flow in like a river.” |
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| INTRODUCTION | ||
| In the thousands of years before the coming of the Europeans, the Indians of western Oregon had established a rich and diverse culture. The coast and inland valleys of Oregon provided abundant food and natural resources that enabled the Native people to live a comfortable life.
These lessons plans are designed to show the history and background of western Oregon Indian people as well as the variety of arts that developed within regions. |
SUBJECT AREAS
Reading SKILLS Communication LEARNING OBJECTIVES Students who complete the lessons will: Have a basis of knowledge about western Oregon Indian tribes who are part of the Grand Ronde reservation Learn more about writing reports and research papers Be able to pronounce a variety of tribal names and spoken words/phrases in a selected Indian language Compare/contrast oral literature with written literature |
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